Repeat Measurements Analysis
Repeat measurements before and after 3.5GHz
EMF Map NL has conducted two extensive analyses to map the effects of the introduction of the 3.5GHz frequency. In this first study, measurements were taken at locations before and after the introduction, so-called repeat measurements. This study shows: EMF radiation has increased by a factor of 2.8 since the introduction of 3.5GHz, summer 2024.
🔬 Methodology & Reliability
- Fixed location: Measurements are taken at exactly the same positions
- Consistent method: Same measurement protocol and identical equipment
- Same type of measurement 1-point measurements or 4-point measurements
- Time span: Repetitions can be months to years apart
- Purpose: Comparison and monitoring of changes
Data Points
- 411 repeat measurements at 205 locations
- 92 locations both before and after 3.5GHz
- Of which 4-point measurements: 384
- In 29 cities and 20 municipalities
- Between May 2022 and Sep 2025
Key Figures
- Increase by a factor of 2.8x
- Average increase: +173.3%
- Higher radiation at 80.4% of locations
- Extreme category increase +45%
- Median increase 108%
⤴️ Factor increase
- Comparison of repeat measurements
before introduction factor 1.2x
(38 locations) - Comparison of repeat measurements
before and after introduction factor 2.8x
(92 locations) - Comparison of repeat measurements
after introduction factor 2.6x
(69 locations)
Since the summer of 2024, EMF radiation has increased by a factor of 2.8. This is well over 2x more than the natural variation (factor 1.2x) measured prior to the introduction. But even after the introduction, values continue to rise, so far by a factor of 2.6.
🔍 All Repeat Measurements on Timeline
The timeline shows a clear increase in higher categories (red, purple, black) after June 2024
🔄 Repeat Measurements before and after introduction
The purest comparison: exactly the same locations measured before and after 3.5GHz introduction.
Analysis of Repeat Measurements shows that radiation in the extreme category (+100,000) is increasing, at the expense of lower radiation categories. In the Repeat Measurements, the purple and black categories now account for 67% of measurements.
⚖️ Median Comparison
- Before 3.5GHz: 15,833 µW/m² (Very high)
- After 3.5GHz: 44,250 µW/m² (Very high)
- Median increase: +108%
🗺️ Repeat Measurement Locations
Detailed comparison of 92 locations measured both before and after the introduction.
📊 All Measurement Data Analysis
Analysis of all 4,948 measurements in the Netherlands. Before and after the introduction of 3.5GHz
Analyses based on measurements up to 21 September 2025. Excluding measurements near defense radar.